Method of producing a cool atmosphere in rooms and apartments



Patented Feb.20, 1883.

H. D. COGSWELL.

APARTMENTS.

f'q. z.

WIV/'756555.'

'UNITED STATES HENRY D. COGSVVELL, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

METHOD 0F PRODUClNG A COOL ATMOSPHERE IN ROOMS AND APARTMENTS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of. Letters Patent No. 272,653, datedFebruary 20, 1883.

Application filed October 24, 1881.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY D. COGSWELL, ot the city and county ot' SanFrancisco, inthe b'tate of California, havedevised and invented a' newand useful Method of and Apparatus for Cooling Atmosphere in Rooms andApartments; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear,and exact description ot' the same, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings.

My'inveution relates to a means ot'prodncing and maintaining a lowdegree of temperature or cool condition ot' the atn'iosphere ot' roomsand apartments during seasons of heat. Itis more especially applicableto sick-rooms, wards of hospitals, tenements, and like situations toreduce the heat therein during hot weather.

I form a wall or partition ot' a number' of hollow panels made ofuuglazed earthenware or pottery, the hollow spaces ot' which areconnected together by suitable tubes or inlet and outlet apertures, andin causing a stream or body ot' water to pass through and circulatewithin these hollow panels by making connection with them of awater-supply pipe, whereby the immediate atmosphere wherein the wall orpartition ot' panels is set up has its temperature reduced by thepercolation of the water through the panels and its evaporation on theoutside, while the circulation of the water through the series ot'panels also acts to take up and carry ott' heat from the air in contactwith such surt'aces.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 shows the applicationot' my invention to the sides ot' an apartment. Fig. 2 shows ahorizontal section through the coolingsurfaces orpartitions as arrangedaround three sides ot'an apartment. Fig. 3 is adetail view, showing themanner of coupling two hollow panels together. Fig. 4 shows theapplication to the ward of a hospital or similar situation. Fig. 5 showsthe manner of securing and holding the panels in line and position bymeans ot the horizontal pipe or bar ot' a supporting frame-work.

A may represent any room or place to be cooled.

B are the cooling-surfaces, which I apply and set up around the sides ofthe room, subst-antially in thefollowing manner: I first form hollowpanels c c of porous earthenware or pot- (No model.)

tery of the desired height to which I propose to carry the surt'ace B,and ot' suitable thickness to give a hollow space or chamber, d, and tobe sufficiently strong to resist breakage in handling and setting up.Into and lrom this hollow space 1,1 provide inlet and outlet openings efin such position or relation tliat when ltwo panels are set togetheredge to edge the outlet of one panel shall coincide with the inlet ofthe next one, and communication is had between the two spam s l d. Asimple construction of these panels is shown in Figs. 2 and 3 of thedrawings, where several panels joined together are seen in horizontalsection. A projecting nipple or short tube, c, is t'ormed around theaperlure'at oneI edge ot' the panel,

of a size and length to lit into and be received by a recess or socketaround the aperturef in the adjacent edge ot' thenextpauel. Suitablepacking, lz, can be placed iu this socket, and

when the two panels are set together a. close joint will be produced atthe apertures that connect one space d with another. will then be formedwith a. tube at one side or edge and a socket on the oppositeside, sothat the panels may be employed in any required number and will beinterchangeable. l prefer to place one ot' these apertures at the topand the other at the bottom of the panel, so that the circulation of thewater through the hollow spaces d shall take place regularly from top tobottom of one andfrom bottom to top of the other, and so on throughoutthe series. These panels I set upright around one or more sides of theapartment or place to be cooled, or else in the form of a. partition,through the center thereof, or in a posit-ion at a distance lroin thewall so that both sides ofthe panels can be utilized forcooling-surfaces. At and along the bottom ot' this wall or partition Iplace a shallow trough 0r gutter, I, having connection with a wast-epipe, J, for the purpose ot' catching the drippings from the outersurfaces of the panels and leading them away. Short legs or projectionscan be formed on the bottoni edge ofthe panels to raise them slightlyabove the surface ofthe trough and allow the water to run olii' frombeneath them. The trough I should have a slight pitch or inclinationtoward the point of discharge. 'lo hold this partition or set of panelsin the required upright position, I make use of small angle- Each panelIOO plates K, which I secure to the walls of the apartment so that theedge of the plate projects over the top of the panel; or when the panelsare set out clear of a wall or othersurface where such fastening couldnot be employed I make the panel with a shallow groove, Z, along its topor upper edge, in which I lay a top rail or bar, M, having suitableupright supports or standards secured at intervals to the door, so as toform a light frame-work to keep the "panels in proper position. Thisrail M may form the water-supplypipe tolead water to the panels, asshown in Fig. 4, in'which case short tubes or nipples m will projectfrom the pipe M into the hollowspaces d cl. At these points suitablestopvalves or cocks, N, can be placed to regulate the supply of water to anynumber or set of panels. In this construction, when additional coolingeffect or action might be desirable, the pipes M can be perforated orpierced atintervals with minute punctures an, so that a number of nejetsor streams of water can be applied to the outside surface of the panelsand allowed to ow down to the bottom, where any excess left afterevaporation on the surface will be caught in the trough I. The lastpanel in any set or number set up to give an evaporatingand cooling`surfaceis connected with a waste-pipe, P, so that the water cancirculate through the several hollow spaces d d with greater or lessrapidity, according to .the size of the inlet and discharge openingscaused to be taken up and absorbed bythe pores of this surface insuflcient quantity to pass through and evaporate on the outer sideorisurface presented to the atmosphere to be cooled.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim, and desire tosecure' by Letters Patent, is-

1. A cooling-wall for use in rooms, formed of hollow panels ofearthenware constructed in separate pieces or parts and built togetherin a continuous wall, having inlet and outlet pipes connecting theseveral pieces, the whole. being mounted in a receiving-trough, I, andprovided with a water supply and exit, substantially as set forth.

2. A wall, partition, or upright surface constructed ofseparately-formed hollow panels of 6c let-opening, c, adapted to fit inthe openingf 7o of a companion brick, substantially as set forth.

et. In combination with the set or number of upright panels c, havingspaces d d and inlet and outlet apertures ef, for connecting one spacewith another, as described, the water- -supply pipe M, havingdlstributing tubes o1' nozzles N, and forming the means of supportvingthe said panels in line and position, substantially in the manner setforth..

HENRY D. GOGSWELL. NVi tnesses:

EDWARD E. OsBoRNE, Guo. VINCENT.

